Biology HL
4
Chapters
553
Notes
Theme A - Unity & diversity
Theme B - Form & Function
Theme C - Interaction & Interdependence
Theme D - Continuity & Change
Biology HL
Theme B - Form & Function
Unlocking Skeletons Anchors & Levers of Movement
391 words
2 mins read
Last edited on 14th Jun 2024
Table of content
The skeleton - what’s the hype? 🍖
- Purpose: Skeletons are like the framework of a house! They support and protect our body.
- Types
- Exoskeleton: Think of it as nature's armor. It's on the outside.
- Examples: Spiders, crustaceans, and insects. It’s like their suit of armor made of chitin.
- Endoskeleton: These are our hidden heroes, lying inside our body.
- Examples: Humans, dogs, birds. We're talking bones!
- Exoskeleton: Think of it as nature's armor. It's on the outside.
Anchoring the muscles - the skeleton's day job 💪
- Job Role: Skeletons provide a solid anchor for muscles, making our dance moves (or any move!) possible.
- Muscle Attachments: Muscles typically attach at two points:
- Insertion: Where the magic happens. This part moves when the muscle contracts.
- Origin: The rock, doesn’t budge an inch! Stays fixed during muscle contraction.
- Real World Example
- Masseter Muscle: Helps you bite into that juicy burger.
- Insertion: On the jawbone (makes your mouth open and close).
- Origin: On the cheekbone (part of the skull and doesn't move).
- Masseter Muscle: Helps you bite into that juicy burger.
Bones as levers - not just for eating 🍗
- Lever Basics
- Fulcrum: The pivot point. Think of it as the see-saw's middle point.
- Effort: The force you apply. Like when you push down on one end of the see-saw.
- Resultant Force: This force comes into play on the other side of the fulcrum.
- Lever & Force Dynamics
- Apply effort farther from fulcrum: Increases force, but reduces distance. (Like using a crowbar!)
- Apply effort closer to fulcrum: Decreases force, but covers more ground. (Think of a long rowing paddle!)
- Bones and Joints: For our bones, the joint is the fulcrum. And the effort? Muscles give it a push or pull via tendons.
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Biology HL
Theme B - Form & Function
Unlocking Skeletons Anchors & Levers of Movement
391 words
2 mins read
Last edited on 14th Jun 2024
Table of content
The skeleton - what’s the hype? 🍖
- Purpose: Skeletons are like the framework of a house! They support and protect our body.
- Types
- Exoskeleton: Think of it as nature's armor. It's on the outside.
- Examples: Spiders, crustaceans, and insects. It’s like their suit of armor made of chitin.
- Endoskeleton: These are our hidden heroes, lying inside our body.
- Examples: Humans, dogs, birds. We're talking bones!
- Exoskeleton: Think of it as nature's armor. It's on the outside.
Anchoring the muscles - the skeleton's day job 💪
- Job Role: Skeletons provide a solid anchor for muscles, making our dance moves (or any move!) possible.
- Muscle Attachments: Muscles typically attach at two points:
- Insertion: Where the magic happens. This part moves when the muscle contracts.
- Origin: The rock, doesn’t budge an inch! Stays fixed during muscle contraction.
- Real World Example
- Masseter Muscle: Helps you bite into that juicy burger.
- Insertion: On the jawbone (makes your mouth open and close).
- Origin: On the cheekbone (part of the skull and doesn't move).
- Masseter Muscle: Helps you bite into that juicy burger.
Bones as levers - not just for eating 🍗
- Lever Basics
- Fulcrum: The pivot point. Think of it as the see-saw's middle point.
- Effort: The force you apply. Like when you push down on one end of the see-saw.
- Resultant Force: This force comes into play on the other side of the fulcrum.
- Lever & Force Dynamics
- Apply effort farther from fulcrum: Increases force, but reduces distance. (Like using a crowbar!)
- Apply effort closer to fulcrum: Decreases force, but covers more ground. (Think of a long rowing paddle!)
- Bones and Joints: For our bones, the joint is the fulcrum. And the effort? Muscles give it a push or pull via tendons.
Unlock the Full Content!
Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of Biology HL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 🌟