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 Globe with Meridians

Chapter 3 - Classification Of Matter

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Atom Symbol

Chapter 1 - Models Of The Particulate Nature Of Matter

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Chapter 2 - Models Of Bonding & Structure

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Fire

Chapter 4 - What Drives Chemical Reactions?

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Rocket

Chapter 5 - How Much, How Fast & How Far?

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Test Tube

Chapter 6 - What Are The Mechanisms Of Chemical Change?

<ul>
	<li>At 298K, pure water has a pH of 7.0.</li>
	<li>What does this mean? It&#39;s neutral! So, it&#39;s like Switzerland - not taking sides, neither acidic nor basic.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>Ever wondered why rain tastes a little sour? It&#39;s because of CO2!</li>
	<li>Rainwater naturally has CO2 dissolved in it, forming a mild acid called carbonic acid.
	<ul>
		<li>Cool equation time: 
		CO2(g) + H2O(l) &rarr; H2CO3(aq)</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
	<li>Normal rainwater has a pH of 5.6. If it&#39;s less, watch out! It&#39;s getting acidic.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>Besides CO2, there are other gases like NOx (nitrogen oxides) and SO2 (sulfur dioxide). They&#39;re the bad guys when it comes to acidity.</li>
	<li>Why? Nitrogen and sulfur are like the rebels of the periodic table, they sit more to the right, making them more acidic.</li>
	<li>When they crash the rainwater party:
	<ul>
		<li>Rain becomes &quot;acid rain&quot; with a pH &lt; 5.6! 🌧💔</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>Naturally: Volcanoes 🌋 &amp; rotting plants 🌿.</li>
	<li>Not-so-naturally: Factories 🏭 burning &quot;dirty&quot; fossil fuels with sulfur. That&#39;s like smoking but for the atmosphere.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>SO2 + water = sulfurous acid 🍋.</li>
	<li>NO2 + water = a cocktail of nitric acid and nitrous acid 🥤.
	<ul>
		<li>Equation alert: 2NO2(g) + H2O(l) &rarr; HNO3(aq) + HNO2(aq)</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
	<li>With a little air (O2), nitrous acid and sulfurous acid level up to nitric acid and sulfuric acid, the big bosses of acidity.
	<ul>
		<li>Check out these upgrade reactions: 2HNO2(aq) + O2(g) &rarr; 2HNO3(aq) 2H2SO3(aq) + O2(g) &rarr; 2H2SO4(aq)</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>Oceans 🌊 are like the Earth&#39;s lungs; they take in lots of CO2.</li>
	<li>But, too much CO2 means more carbonic acid in the ocean.</li>
	<li>Real-world issue: 🐚🦪! More acid = harder time for corals and shellfish to build their homes. Imagine trying to build a sandcastle with vinegar!</li>
</ul>

💡 Remember

<ul>
	<li>Keep an eye on pH. Lower than 5.6 for rain? It&#39;s acid rain.</li>
	<li>Industry and pollution make things more acidic.</li>
	<li>Our oceans need balance. Too much acid harms marine life.</li>
</ul>

Happy studying, and always remember to think of rain as nature&#39;s chemistry in action! ☔📚🔬

Chapter 3 - Classification Of Matter

Understanding Acid Rain & Ocean Acidification: The Science Explained

Table of content

Ph & pure water

Natural acidity in rainwater

Why is some rain more acidic?

Unlock the Full Content!

Chapter 3 - Classification Of Matter

Understanding Acid Rain & Ocean Acidification: The Science Explained

Table of content

Ph & pure water

Natural acidity in rainwater

Why is some rain more acidic?

Unlock the Full Content!