Temperature (T)

• A measure of how hot or cold something is.
• 🎈 Think of it as: The "mood" of the particles. Are they chill (low energy) or hyper (high energy)?
• Example: You judge if your coffee is warm enough by checking its temperature.

Heat (q)

• The energy transferred between bodies because of a temperature difference.
• 🔥 Fact: It can make things do stuff! Like boiling water or melting ice.
• Example: On a sunny day, you feel warm because heat (or thermal energy) from the sun transfers to you.

• Temperature (T)
• Volume
• Enthalpy
• Pressure

• Imagine checking your bank balance at the beginning and end of the month. It doesn't show each purchase (the path) but just the initial and final amounts.

• Conduction: Touch! Like a metal spoon heating up in a hot soup.
• Convection: Movement! Warm air rises, cool air sinks.
• Radiation: Invisible waves! How the sun warms the Earth.

• Increases the average kinetic energy of particles.
• Can lead to phase changes, like turning water to steam.