Hey there, geobuff! Let's dive into the exciting world of geophysical events and understand their impacts. Strap in, it's going to be a thrilling ride!
Magnitude & Frequency of Events: Remember, the greater the magnitude of an event (like an earthquake), the more damage it can cause. For instance, a 6.0 earthquake is 100 times stronger than a 4.0 one. Ever heard of Krakatoa and Tambora? These were Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) 6 or 7 events - way bigger than a VEI 0 event like Kilauea.
Population Density: High population areas (think Tokyo, Japan) face more damage from these events than less crowded rural zones. The 1985 Mexico City earthquake caused many casualties in the city, even though the epicentre was over 200 km away!
Type of Buildings: Richer countries tend to have stronger, quake-resistant buildings. Compare the 2010 earthquakes in Port-au-Prince and New Zealand - the former faced more destruction, even though both had similar magnitudes.
Time of Day: More people around during rush hours or business days means potentially more casualties during an earthquake. But time doesn't really affect volcanic eruptions, which usually don't come unannounced.
Distance from the Event: A volcano's impact lessens with distance. But an earthquake? The further from the epicentre, the greater the effect due to unpreparedness and lower building standards.
Type of Rocks and Sediments: Ever heard of "liquefaction"? It's when loose materials act like liquid when shaken. Buildings on solid rock fare better than those on unconsolidated sediments.
Secondary Hazards: Sometimes, aftermath hazards like tsunamis, fires, contaminated water, etc. can be deadlier than the primary event. Post-eruption lahars (mudflows) at Pinatubo and Nevado del Ruiz claimed more lives than the eruptions themselves.
Economic Development: More developed countries often handle disasters better - they've got better prep, tech, health services, and emergency responses. Remember how Christchurch, New Zealand managed their earthquakes more effectively than Port-au-Prince, Haiti?
Here's some cool links for you
Check out those natural disaster profiles for 13 countries and the multi-hazard disaster maps!
Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of Geography HL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 🌟
Hey there, geobuff! Let's dive into the exciting world of geophysical events and understand their impacts. Strap in, it's going to be a thrilling ride!
Magnitude & Frequency of Events: Remember, the greater the magnitude of an event (like an earthquake), the more damage it can cause. For instance, a 6.0 earthquake is 100 times stronger than a 4.0 one. Ever heard of Krakatoa and Tambora? These were Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) 6 or 7 events - way bigger than a VEI 0 event like Kilauea.
Population Density: High population areas (think Tokyo, Japan) face more damage from these events than less crowded rural zones. The 1985 Mexico City earthquake caused many casualties in the city, even though the epicentre was over 200 km away!
Type of Buildings: Richer countries tend to have stronger, quake-resistant buildings. Compare the 2010 earthquakes in Port-au-Prince and New Zealand - the former faced more destruction, even though both had similar magnitudes.
Time of Day: More people around during rush hours or business days means potentially more casualties during an earthquake. But time doesn't really affect volcanic eruptions, which usually don't come unannounced.
Distance from the Event: A volcano's impact lessens with distance. But an earthquake? The further from the epicentre, the greater the effect due to unpreparedness and lower building standards.
Type of Rocks and Sediments: Ever heard of "liquefaction"? It's when loose materials act like liquid when shaken. Buildings on solid rock fare better than those on unconsolidated sediments.
Secondary Hazards: Sometimes, aftermath hazards like tsunamis, fires, contaminated water, etc. can be deadlier than the primary event. Post-eruption lahars (mudflows) at Pinatubo and Nevado del Ruiz claimed more lives than the eruptions themselves.
Economic Development: More developed countries often handle disasters better - they've got better prep, tech, health services, and emergency responses. Remember how Christchurch, New Zealand managed their earthquakes more effectively than Port-au-Prince, Haiti?
Here's some cool links for you
Check out those natural disaster profiles for 13 countries and the multi-hazard disaster maps!
Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of Geography HL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 🌟