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Office Building

Unit 1 - Changing Population

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Deciduous Tree

Option A - Freshwater – Drainage basins

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Magnifying Glass Tilted Left

Option B - Oceans & Coastal Margins

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ringed-planet

Option C - Extreme Environments

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Rocket

Option D - Geophysical Hazards

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Performing Arts

Option E - Leisure, Tourism & Sport

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Flexed Biceps

Option F - The Geography Of Food & Health

Option G - Urban Environments

UNIT 2 - Global Climate - Vulnerability & Resilience

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Globe Showing Europe Africa

Unit 3 - Global Resource Consumption & Security

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Mobile Phone

Unit 4 - Power, Places & Networks

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Factory

Unit 5 - Human Development & Diversity

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Globe With Meridians

Unit 6 - Global Risks & Resilience

Let&#39;s dive into some fascinating facts about how different countries manage their population!

Ever heard of a policy that limits you to only one sibling? That&#39;s what happened in China from 1979 to 2015.

<ul>
	<li>Definition: China&#39;s one-child policy was an anti-natalist policy (aiming to decrease population) that restricted most families to one child.</li>
	<li>Impact: It drastically reduced birth rates from 33 to 17 per 1,000 and prevented around 400 million births! Imagine if every citizen of the United States disappeared twice; that&#39;s the amount of births prevented!</li>
	<li>Effects: A major downside was a skew in the male to female birth ratio, reflecting a preference for male infants in China. It&#39;s like having a class of 118 boys and only 100 girls!</li>
	<li>Changes: But wait, it changed in 2015 to a two-child policy, but still, some fear that a too sudden relaxation might lead to a population boom.</li>
	<li>Aftereffects: However, many Chinese find multiple children a luxury due to soaring education and housing costs, so no baby boom is likely.</li>
</ul>

🔍 Real-life example: If you know anyone from China, they might have grown up without siblings due to this policy!

Russia, on the other hand, encourages its citizens to have more kids!

<ul>
	<li>Definition: Russia&#39;s pro-natalist policy is a government plan to boost the population by providing incentives for families to have more children.</li>
	<li>Strategies: From 2006, measures like increased birth benefits, parental leave, and payments to mothers of multiple children were introduced. It&#39;s like getting a cash prize for having more kids!</li>
	<li>Results: Between 2006 and 2011, the birth rate increased by 21%! However, intentions to have another child didn&#39;t change significantly. So, people were having kids earlier, but not necessarily more.</li>
	<li>Challenges: Despite the efforts, Russia&#39;s population is likely to continue to decline. It seems Russia might need more than a cash incentive to solve its population problem!</li>
</ul>

🔍 Real-life example: Imagine if your family got extra money for every sibling you have. That&#39;s what happened in Russia!

Last but not least, let&#39;s visit Kerala, a state in India, known for its gender equality and education policies.

<ul>
	<li>Achievements: Kerala stands out with its high female literacy rate, increasing from 86% to 92% between 1991 and 2011. It&#39;s like if almost every woman you meet there can read and write!</li>
	<li>Role of women: Women in Kerala have equal access to education, including higher education, and work in various sectors. Picture a society where your sister has the same opportunities as you do!</li>
	<li>Challenges: However, even in Kerala, women&#39;s participation in the labor market is lower, and those in work are often in low-paid jobs. It&#39;s like running a race where women have to start several meters behind men.</li>
	<li>Solutions: Kerala has introduced self-help groups (SHGs) and microfinance systems for women to share experiences, receive training, and manage finances. Imagine a book club where, in addition to discussing novels, women also learn about managing money!</li>
</ul>

🔍 Real-life example: If you live in Kerala, your mom and sisters might have equal access to education and jobs like the men in the family!

&nbsp;

The world of population policies is as diverse as the nations implementing them. Whether it&#39;s China&#39;s drastic one-child policy, Russia&#39;s generous incentives, or Kerala&#39;s focus on gender equality and education, each approach has its unique successes and challenges.

&nbsp;

Happy studying! 🌍📚

China's One-Child Policy Vs. Russia's Pro-Natalist Approach

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Higher Level

Geography HL

Unit 1 - Changing Population

China's One-Child Policy Vs. Russia's Pro-Natalist Approach

Table of content

China's one-child policy 🇨🇳👶

Unlock the Full Content!

Unit 1 - Changing Population

China's One-Child Policy Vs. Russia's Pro-Natalist Approach

Table of content

China's one-child policy 🇨🇳👶

Unlock the Full Content!