• Linking US Aid to Human Rights Records (1977-1978)
  • Countries with good records: 🎁 Consideration for aid
  • Countries with bad records: ❌ No aid
  • Key Document: Presidential Directive 30 (Feb 1978) - This became the blueprint for the US human rights policy.
• Bureaucratic Changes & Key Figures
  • Renamed: Office of Human Affairs ➡️ Bureau of Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs.
  • Leader: Assistant Secretary of State Patricia Derian.
  • Warren Christopher was appointed to lead Human Rights Coordinating Group (HRCG) to align foreign aid with human rights.
  • National Security Adviser Zbigniew Brzezinski's moves
    • Formed: Interagency Working Group on Human Rights and Foreign Assistance.
    • Established: Global Issues group within the NSC overseeing human rights & arms control.
• Congressional Oversight
  • Carter's ally: Don Fraser, Chair of the House Subcommittee on International Organizations and Movements.
  • New Requirement: Department of State to submit annual report on global human rights practices. 📄
• Economic 'Linkage' Policy
  • Example: Carter 🤝 USSR trade deal only if Jews allowed to emigrate.
  • Support (albeit discreetly) for rights groups: Charter 77 (Czechoslovakia) and Solidarity (Poland).

Real-World Example: Think of it as a teacher who won't give you candy if you've been misbehaving in class. Countries had to behave (respect human rights) to get treats (US aid)!

• Backdrop: When Carter took the office, it's like walking into a party where most attendees are rule-breaking bullies (dictatorships).
• Carter's Concerns
  • Alarm bells: 🚨 Human rights violations & lack of democracy.
  • Big Move: Detaching the US from nasty governments.
• Actions in Latin America
  • Aid Cuts: Military aid 📉 75% (from $233.5M in 1976 to $54M in 1979). For Argentina: $32M ➡️ $15.7M in his first year.
  • Chile Drama: Relations soured with Pinochet's Chile.
    • Carter's UN speech in 1977 ➡️ UN condemns Chile.
    • Pinochet's reaction: Holds a controversial plebiscite in 1978, claims a 78.6% victory amid accusations of fraud.
• Argentina's Reaction
  • "We're normal!" Campaign: Trying to combat Carter's criticisms.
  • World Cup Politics: Using the 1978 Football World Cup win to distract from the ‘dirty war’ - a cruel campaign against perceived threats.

Real-World Example: Imagine a school bully trying to act like an angel when the principal (Carter) starts watching. Argentina's World Cup win is like a bully winning a school talent show and hoping everyone forgets their mean side!