History HL
32
Chapters
489
Notes
Chapter 1 - China 1839-60 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 2 - The Opening Of China To Foreigners 1860-1901 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 3 - Defeat & Revolution 1901-25 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 4 - Nationalists & Communists 1924-45 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 5 - The Japanese Threat & Communist Takeover 1931-49 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 6 - China & The Wider World 1949-76 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 7 - Government, Economy & Society Under Mao After 1949 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 8 - The Cultural Revolution 1966 -76 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 9 - Deng Xiaoping
Chapter 10 - China & The Wider World 1978-97 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 11 - Concluding Survey (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 12 - Jews, Arabs & The British 1900-39 (Middle East)
Chapter 13 - The Birth Of Isreal 1939-49 (Middle East)
Chapter 14 - Arab-Israeli Wars In 1956, 1967, & 1973 (Middle East)
Chapter 15 - Nasser, Egypt & Arab Nationalism (Middle East)
Chapter 16 - The Palestinian Problem (Middle East)
Chapter 17 - The Challenges Of Peace-Making 1991-2008: Israelis & Palestinians (Middle East)
Chapter 18 - The Iran-Iraq War 1980-8 (Middle East)
Chapter 19 - Iraq & The West 1988-2008 (Middle East)
Chapter 20 - From Arab Nationalism To IsIamic Fundamentalism (Middle East)
Chapter 21 - Truman (Cold War 1945- 81)
Chapter 22 - The Korean War (Cold War 1945-81)
Chapter 23 - Eisenhower & Dulles (Cold war 1945 -81)
Chapter 25 - Kennedy To Carter (Cold War 1945-81)
Chapter 26 - Weimar Germany - 1918-1933 (European States)
Chapter 27 - Hitler’s Germany - 1933-1939 (European States)
Chapter 28 - Italy - 1918-1922 (European States)
Chapter 29 - Mussolini’s Italy - 1922-1939 (European States)
Chapter 30 - Spain - 1918-1936 (European States)
Chapter 31 - The Spanish Civil War - 1936-1939 (European States)
Chapter 32 - The Soviet Union - 1918-1929 (European States)
Chapter 33 - The Soviet Union - 1929-1939 (European States)
History HL
Chapter 31 - The Spanish Civil War - 1936-1939 (European States)
Spain's Civil War Aftermath: Destruction, White Terror & Recovery
402 words
3 mins read
Last edited on 16th Oct 2024
Table of content
Key Points 🎯
- Destruction & Deaths
- Republicans: 100,000 killed during the war.
- Nationalists: 70,000 killed.
- Post-war: 40,000–200,000 killed in Franco’s ‘White Terror’.
- Exodus: 250,000 fled (many to French refugee camps).
- Franco's Suppression
- 'Re-education' of Republican children.
- Divisions & hatred persisted for decades in Spain.
- Franco ruled like "a country occupied by a victorious foreign army.”
- Economic Impact
- Wealth lost: 10-15%.
- 70% of Madrid's machinery replaced.
- High inflation: Excess money printing.
- Debt: Owed to Britain, France, & Germany.
- WWII's impact: Mixed. Spain's neutrality led to trade agreements, but German exploitation weakened Spain's economy.
- Franco's Regime
- The White Terror: Killing of thousands of Republicans.
- Exiled: 500,000 Spaniards, including intellectuals & artists.
- Laws & objectives: Favored the privileged, oppressed the working class.
- State-church relationship bolstered.
- Political & Cultural Impact
- Church's influence peaked in the 1950s.
- Regional languages like Catalan & Basque suppressed.
- Centralization in Madrid.
- Period of political stability due to fear.
- Transition & Aftermath
- Monarchy restoration, with Franco retaining power.
- Spanish army's diminishing influence post-1956.
- Democracy post-Franco in 1977.
- Spain's strained relationship with Europe: No initial NATO or EU membership.
Real-world Examples 🌍
- Exodus & Brain Drain: Imagine if all the top celebrities, scientists, and authors in today's society had to leave their country. That's what Spain faced. Its talent pool drained overnight, impacting the nation's culture and progress.
- Economic Inflation: Think of inflation as too many people chasing too few goods. If a concert suddenly gave out free tickets, the value of those tickets (and the peace and space inside the venue!) would plummet. That's what happened with Spain's money – too much of it and hence it lost value.
- Centralization vs Regional Identity: Think of how the U.S. has states with their own identities. Imagine if all state-specific cultures, languages, and practices were banned and everything was 'Americanized'. That's what happened in Spain under Franco.
🖍️ Fun Fact: Franco's rule lasted so long that even the Beatles' classic song "Back in the U.S.S.R." mentions him. Talk about a lasting impact!
Unlock the Full Content! 
Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of History HL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 🌟
History HL
Chapter 31 - The Spanish Civil War - 1936-1939 (European States)
Spain's Civil War Aftermath: Destruction, White Terror & Recovery
402 words
3 mins read
Last edited on 16th Oct 2024
Table of content
Key Points 🎯
- Destruction & Deaths
- Republicans: 100,000 killed during the war.
- Nationalists: 70,000 killed.
- Post-war: 40,000–200,000 killed in Franco’s ‘White Terror’.
- Exodus: 250,000 fled (many to French refugee camps).
- Franco's Suppression
- 'Re-education' of Republican children.
- Divisions & hatred persisted for decades in Spain.
- Franco ruled like "a country occupied by a victorious foreign army.”
- Economic Impact
- Wealth lost: 10-15%.
- 70% of Madrid's machinery replaced.
- High inflation: Excess money printing.
- Debt: Owed to Britain, France, & Germany.
- WWII's impact: Mixed. Spain's neutrality led to trade agreements, but German exploitation weakened Spain's economy.
- Franco's Regime
- The White Terror: Killing of thousands of Republicans.
- Exiled: 500,000 Spaniards, including intellectuals & artists.
- Laws & objectives: Favored the privileged, oppressed the working class.
- State-church relationship bolstered.
- Political & Cultural Impact
- Church's influence peaked in the 1950s.
- Regional languages like Catalan & Basque suppressed.
- Centralization in Madrid.
- Period of political stability due to fear.
- Transition & Aftermath
- Monarchy restoration, with Franco retaining power.
- Spanish army's diminishing influence post-1956.
- Democracy post-Franco in 1977.
- Spain's strained relationship with Europe: No initial NATO or EU membership.
Real-world Examples 🌍
- Exodus & Brain Drain: Imagine if all the top celebrities, scientists, and authors in today's society had to leave their country. That's what Spain faced. Its talent pool drained overnight, impacting the nation's culture and progress.
- Economic Inflation: Think of inflation as too many people chasing too few goods. If a concert suddenly gave out free tickets, the value of those tickets (and the peace and space inside the venue!) would plummet. That's what happened with Spain's money – too much of it and hence it lost value.
- Centralization vs Regional Identity: Think of how the U.S. has states with their own identities. Imagine if all state-specific cultures, languages, and practices were banned and everything was 'Americanized'. That's what happened in Spain under Franco.
🖍️ Fun Fact: Franco's rule lasted so long that even the Beatles' classic song "Back in the U.S.S.R." mentions him. Talk about a lasting impact!
Unlock the Full Content!
Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of History HL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 🌟