Certainly! Below are the study notes based on the text provided, designed to be accessible and engaging for a 16-year-old student studying physics in the IBDP (International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme) framework.

• Real-World Example: Imagine dropping a feather and a coin from the same height. The feather flutters down slowly, while the coin seems to plummet. This difference is due to air resistance!
• What Is Air Resistance? It's a force that opposes the motion of an object through air. The faster the object, the more air resistance it faces.

• What's This? When an object falls, it gains speed, and thus air resistance increases. Terminal speed is the point where air resistance equals the gravitational pull, and the object doesn't accelerate anymore.
• Real-World Example: Think of a skydiver! At first, they accelerate downwards, but eventually, they reach a constant speed called terminal speed where they're no longer accelerating.

• Without Air Resistance (Figure 23(a))
• Acceleration: Constant at −9.8 m/s² (the acceleration due to gravity).
• Speed: Proportional to time (imagine a straight line on the graph).
• Distance Fallen: Curved like a parabola, as it's proportional to the square of the time elapsed.
• With Air Resistance (Figure 23(b))
• Acceleration: Starts at −9.8 \(\frac{m}{s²}\) but falls to zero as drag increases.
• Speed: Initially the same as no drag, then decreases and becomes constant at terminal speed.
• Distance Fallen: No longer a parabola, becomes straighter over time, and less distance is traveled when drag acts.