A study on the effect of indole acetic acid, growth hormone, on the groth of crop plats, rice (oryza sativa L) and wheat (triticum species)

The growth rate of wheat can be seen in the graph above. Regardless of treatment, a same growth curve can be found for all the wheat. Between weeks one and eight, there is continuous growth.

• The concentration of IAA was sprayed on the seedlings once they had two or three leaves.
• Throughout their 8-week growth period, the plants got IAA therapy every two weeks.
• Once a week, measurements of the plants' height and the number of leaves were obtained using a ruler with an accuracy of ± 0.01 cm.
• After eight weeks, the wheat head and stem were separated. After the plants were uprooted and the soil washed away from the roots, the fresh weight (±0.01g) was measured using an electrical balance. Similarly, the rice plants were also treated. The plants were given the proper labels, covered in aluminum foil, and placed in the oven at 50^oC (±0.2°C) for a week or until a steady weight was achieved. We measured the plants' dry weights.

The findings show that LAA had no discernible impact on plant height. For example, wheat treated with 1ppm of IAA grew the highest up to a week with an average of 57.6 em, but this growth could not be sustained due to heavy tropical rains flooding the field. Pots negatively impact the development of seedlings of all types of vegetation. By the time wheat was harvested in the eighth week, plant heights for all treatments had ranged from 43.1 to 44.8 metres, showing that IAA had no discernible impact on the size of wheat. The graphs support this assertion in Figure 9.

• The seeds for rice (Oryza sativa L.) were provided by the supervisor and were imported from India.
• The seeds for wheat (Triticum species) were supplied by the supervisor and were imported from India.
• The supplier of the hormone Indole acetic acid was Sigma-Aldrich in Singapore.Three distinct concentrations—1 ppm, 10^-2 ppm, and 10^-4 ppm—were employed (parts per million).
• From a florist in Singapore, compost soil and flowerpots (12 dm³) were transported.
• Other materials employed were those typical of a biology lab.

The results of the investigation are given below.

Hormone research has focused on wheat, corn, and soybeans. Modified plant eaters may also disagree. However, employing hormones already in the plant means no new genes need to be introduced, only alteration of the existing ones (Hager, 2008).

Plant hormones have been studied. Pavlista (2008) used gibberellins to see if plant hormones may increase winter wheat development early on. Wheat seeds treated with little levels of gibberellins, GA₃, grew taller and faster. Since the early 1900s, plant physiologists have employed IAA to regulate agricultural plant flowering and growth. "Thimann and Lane (1938) found superior vegetative growth and modest flowering hastening with IAA on oat and wheat". Thimann and Leopod observed "both blooming and growth being stimulated by relatively low amounts and hindered by greater concentrations of auxins" in 1949. H'~: e y and Greogyr (1954) showed that auxin, NAA, promoted flower primordia in Winter barley but not in Petkus rye. IAA increased wheat vegetative growth and grain output in 1955, but NAA decreased it.

Rice plant hormone studies are scarce. (1945) However, Yangzhou's Agronomy Department found that unequal lateral distribution of IAA in root tips caused rice roots' negative phototropism (Yi-wei et al., 2004). Based on these earlier investigations, IAA's effects on wheat and rice can be investigated at different concentrations. Based on previous research, decreased auxin concentrations would increase vegetative growth and grain output. This experiment may provide some important information for crop plant growth studies.

• A total of 100 seedlings, respectively, were inserted into the compost-filled pots after 1–1–\(^{1}/_{2}\) weeks. Twenty jars were filled with five rice seedlings apiece, and another twenty pots were filled with the same amount of wheat seeds. The pots were maintained outside on a balcony to provide the plants access to natural sunlight and rain. This exposed the plants to tropical winds as well.
• Four groups of five pots each were formed from the pots of rice and wheat. The amount of IAA sprayed on the seedlings was then marked on each group of pots. The control group was one pot group.

According to a United Nations assessment, the globe is experiencing high food prices and dangerously low food production, which might result in a dreaded food crisis. Food demand is increasing, and as a result, stockpiles of some grains have dropped drastically due to lower-than-expected yields. As a result, food prices have surged, almost reaching the levels witnessed in 2007-2008 when a food crisis hit the world (Rudolf, 2010). Climate change, such as the heat wave in Russia and the floods in Pakistan, is thought to be a contributing factor to the low output of wheat in the nations that produce it. Because rice and wheat are the "two most essential agricultural commodities for global food security" (Bias, 2011), output and price changes would significantly affect food security worldwide. Unlike wheat, the cost of rice is generally steady. The wheat output heat would need to increase by an estimated 3.5 percent to prevent further price increases tot of the predicted low harvest brought on by climate change (Bias, 2011). (2010) Rudolf.

Plant hormones have been used for a long time in agriculture to control fungi and weeds and in horticulture to control fruiting and plant propagation. Plant hormones are being examined by researchers as the potential source of upcoming improvements in crop growth and productivity (Hager, 2008). The food crisis would slow down and be significantly less likely to arise again if enhanced crop growth and output were to be successful. 'How will different concentrations of Indole acetic acid affect the growth of crop plants, rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Wheat (Triticum species)?".

To control development and adaptability to environmental changes, plants naturally release hormones. Plant hormones, such as auxins, abscisic acids, cytokinins, and gibberellins, participate in numerous plant processes.

Wheat seedlings produced an equal number of leaves regardless of hormone therapy. The seedlings in all treatments generated roughly 7–10 leaves during the first three weeks. At harvest, the number of leaves remained nearly constant, demonstrating once more that IAA had no impact on the number of leaves produced by wheat plants.

• Compost was bought in bags from the nursery, and pots were filled with exact measurements (8 dm³).
• Before sowing, rice and wheat seeds were steeped in water and maintained indoors in classrooms.

The average measurement for each treatment is provided in the next chapter and the raw data is provided in the.