• Despite a growing global population, food intake (measured in calories) has been steadily increasing.
• Regions like East Asia, the Middle East and North Africa have seen significant increases in calorie intake, while Sub-Saharan Africa's intake has remained steady.
• There's a global trend shifting from cereals towards a more varied diet including meat, vegetables and dairy products as countries move from low-income to middle-income statuses.

Real-world example: Between 1964-1999, meat consumption per capita increased by 150% in low-income countries (LICs), dairy products by 60%. This trend can be seen in countries like China and India that have experienced rapid economic growth.

• Urbanization has increased the demand for meat. Fast-food industry and mass-produced products have played a significant role.
• Availability of land also impacts food consumption. For example, 1 hectare can support 22 people if we grow potatoes, but only 1 person if we use it for beef.

• While ocean fish supply has plateaued due to overfishing, the increase in aquaculture has compensated for the decline in wild fish stocks.
• The overall seafood consumption has risen by about 3.6% per year since 1961, outpacing population growth.

• Recent trends show a decrease in food production and crop yields due to natural hazards, climate change, and land use for biofuels.
• Events like food shortages have led to protests and uprisings, like the Arab Spring in the MENA region.

Strategies include expanding farmed area, multicropping (often using irrigation), and using high-yielding or genetically modified organisms. However, these methods may be reaching their limits.