pill.png

Pill

Theme C - Interaction &  Interdependence

direct-hit.png

Direct Hit

Theme A - Unity & diversity

page-facing-up.png

Page Facing Up

Theme B - Form & Function

keycap-digit-one.png

Keycap Digit One

Theme D - Continuity & Change

Big Idea: Just as we recharge our phones, cells recharge themselves. Let&#39;s dive into how it happens without oxygen!

<ul>
	<li>Main ingredients: Glucose (sugar), ADP, and NAD.</li>
	<li>Summary: It&rsquo;s like a mini-factory in cells that splits glucose into 2 pyruvates. Imagine breaking a Kit-Kat in half!</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>Glucose: As long as there&#39;s candy (or food in our case) in the pantry, the party can continue. Cells won&#39;t run out of glucose if they have storage or get some from outside.</li>
	<li>ADP: Imagine ADP as half-charged batteries. They&#39;ll run out only if they&#39;re fully charged (converted to ATP). But if that happens, there&rsquo;s no need to continue the party (glycolysis).</li>
	<li>NAD: The life of the party! But, it can run out unless it&#39;s recharged.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>Why recharge? Without recharged NAD, the glycolysis party stops.</li>
	<li>How it&#39;s done? NAD is like a battery that needs to be recharged. It&rsquo;s recharged by taking hydrogen from a molecule and giving it to another.</li>
	<li>Lactate &amp; Pyruvate: Here&#39;s the fun bit! Reduced NAD gives its hydrogen to pyruvate (a product of our sugar-breaking party) and turns it into lactate.</li>
</ul>

Real-world Example: Think of it as a dance move. Pyruvate and reduced NAD groove together, and when the music stops, we have lactate and recharged NAD ready to dance again!

<ul>
	<li>Definition: Anaerobic respiration where pyruvate becomes lactate is called lactic fermentation.</li>
	<li>Why care? Because it&#39;s in our FOOD! This process helps preserve certain foods and gives them that tangy flavor.</li>
</ul>

Real-world Examples

<ul>
	<li>Yoghurt: Creamy, tangy goodness.</li>
	<li>Kimchi: Spicy, fermented cabbage (Korean favorite! 🇰🇷).</li>
	<li>Sauerkraut: Think of it as German kimchi.</li>
	<li>Silage: This one&#39;s for the cows, and not us!</li>
</ul>

Did You Know?: The tanginess in these foods comes from lactic acid, which forms lactate, and it&#39;s all because of this cool biological process!

As long as glucose is around and lactate levels don&#39;t shoot up too much, the energetic dance of cells, aka anaerobic respiration, can keep going! So, every time you taste yoghurt or kimchi, remember the tiny cell parties happening within! 🥳🎈

&nbsp;

Keep dancing to the rhythm of biology! 🌿🕺🎶

Theme C - Interaction & Interdependence

Unlock Lactic Fermentation Secrets Boost Cell Energy!

Table of content

Let's get energetic anaerobic cell respiration 🎉

Glycolysis - the sugar-breaking party 🍭

Why won't the party stop?