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Pill

Theme C - Interaction &  Interdependence

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Direct Hit

Theme A - Unity & diversity

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Page Facing Up

Theme B - Form & Function

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Keycap Digit One

Theme D - Continuity & Change

<ul>
	<li>Definition: Diseases that transfer from animals to humans.</li>
	<li>Real World Example: Remember the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic? Yep, that&#39;s a zoonosis. Thought to have come from bats and potentially another animal species before reaching humans.</li>
</ul>

Specialization: Pathogens are super picky. They have a limited range of hosts they like.

<ul>
	<li>E.g., Only humans get syphilis, polio, and measles.</li>
	<li>Ever seen a dog with measles? Nope! We don&#39;t get sick from the virus causing canine distemper.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>Pathogens and Host Interactions
	<ul>
		<li>Rats + diphtheria toxin = 🐀💪 (Rats don&#39;t get sick. They lack the cell receptor for the toxin.)</li>
		<li>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (the TB bacteria)
		<ul>
			<li>Targets humans. Why? We&#39;re warm! Frogs are cool customers (less than 37&deg;C), so the bacterium doesn&#39;t thrive in them.</li>
		</ul>
		</li>
		<li>Mycobacterium bovis
		<ul>
			<li>This sneaky bacterium doesn&#39;t just stop at cows. It can jump to badgers and even humans through milk. Mmm... risky milk!</li>
		</ul>
		</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
</ul>

🥛 Got Milk?

<ul>
	<li>Milk from infected cows might have M. bovis. Drink it, and you could get TB. Always ensure your milk is pasteurized!</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>Global Health Concern: With an interconnected world, diseases that jump between animals and humans can travel fast.</li>
	<li>Livestock Lovers: Living close to livestock has its perks (fresh eggs!), but it&#39;s a zoonosis factor. E.g., Pigs have the Japanese encephalitis virus. It&#39;s deadly for us!</li>
	<li>Urban Jungle: As we expand our cities and towns, we push animals out of their homes. This makes some of them closer neighbors and potential disease transmitters.</li>
</ul>

✏️ Note: COVID-19, although starting as zoonosis, spread mainly through human-to-human contact after the initial outbreak.

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🤓 Revision Tip: Always remember, zoonoses are diseases from animals to humans. Don&#39;t get mixed up with diseases that transfer from humans to animals!

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Homework Challenge: Look up Table 2 mentioned in the text and list other zoonotic diseases you find. Bonus: Identify their primary animal hosts and how they spread to humans.

Explore Zoonoses Unlocking the Mysteries of Disease Transfer

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Higher Level

Biology HL

Theme C - Interaction & Interdependence

Explore Zoonoses Unlocking the Mysteries of Disease Transfer

Table of content

Zoonoses - Diseases that make the jump 🐾

Pathogens - The finicky troublemakers. 🦠

Unlock the Full Content!

Theme C - Interaction & Interdependence

Explore Zoonoses Unlocking the Mysteries of Disease Transfer

Table of content

Zoonoses - Diseases that make the jump 🐾

Pathogens - The finicky troublemakers. 🦠

Unlock the Full Content!