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Keycap Digit One

Theme D - Continuity & Change

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Direct Hit

Theme A - Unity & Diversity

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Page Facing Up

Theme B - Form & Function

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Pill

Theme C - Interaction &  Interdependence

Hey future biologists! Grab your lab coats and goggles because we&#39;re diving deep into the world of guppies and natural selection. Think of this as your survival guide to understanding John Endler&#39;s legendary experiments on these tiny, colorful fishies. 🐠

<ul>
	<li>John Endler: Our main scientist dude, he&#39;s all about figuring out why guppies look the way they do.</li>
	<li>Guppies (Poecilia reticulata): Tiny fish with a big role in the experiment.</li>
	<li>Killifish (Rivulus hartii): The &quot;meh&quot; predator.</li>
	<li>Pike-cichlid (Crenicichla alta): The &quot;I eat guppies for breakfast&quot; predator.</li>
</ul>

Main Idea: John Endler found out that male guppies&#39; coloration has pros and cons. Females love colorful males, but predators find them easier to spot. It&#39;s like wearing a neon shirt at a party; you&#39;ll get noticed, but sometimes you don&#39;t wanna be!

<ul>
	<li>Real-world Example: It&#39;s like being the star quarterback. You&#39;re popular (especially with the ladies), but you&#39;re also a target for the rival team!</li>
</ul>

Notes

<ul>
	<li>More colorful in areas with fewer predators.</li>
	<li>Less colorful in dangerous zones with more predators.</li>
</ul>

Main Idea: Endler put guppies in different ponds: Pond Q (no predators), Pond R (weak predator - killifish), and Pond S (strong predator - pike-cichlid).

&nbsp;

Question Time 🕵️&zwj;♂️

<ul>
	<li>
	How many generations in 6 months?

	<ul>
		<li>
		Female guppies give birth every 30 days, so about 6 generations in 6 months.
		</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
	<li>
	What happened to spot numbers in Pond Q?

	<ul>
		<li>
		Average number of spots? We&#39;ll assume it stayed around 10 since there were no predators to shake things up.
		</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
	<li>
	Effects of the two predatory fish?

	<ul>
		<li>
		Killifish: Mild effect, maybe fewer spots.
		</li>
		<li>
		Pike-cichlid: Major effect, definitely fewer spots to survive!
		</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
</ul>

Main Idea: Endler switched the population of male guppies between streams A and B, each with different predators. He measured the area of spots over 2 years.

&nbsp;

Question Time 🕵️&zwj;♂️

<ul>
	<li>
	Initial mean spot area in Stream A?

	<ul>
		<li>
		Let&#39;s assume the text provides this detail.
		</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	Change in mean spot area over 2 years?

	<ul>
		<li>
		Look for numbers to compare in the text.
		</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
	<li>
	Why did spot area change?

	<ul>
		<li>
		Natural selection, baby! The guppies adapt to their new environment, sort of like if you moved from a city to the countryside and switched from sneakers to cowboy boots.
		</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
</ul>

Prediction: If the guppies go back to their original stream, they&#39;d probably change again, adapting back to their original predator situation. Kinda like when you go back to school after a long break and remember you can&#39;t wear pajamas in class.

&nbsp;

Review Time 🎉: So, we learned how the balance between love and survival dictates how guppies look. Also, they adapt pretty quick when their lives are on the line! So, the next time you see a guppy, remember, it&#39;s not just a fish; it&#39;s a survivor! 🐟💪

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Keep swimming through biology! 🐠🌊🔬

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Study Notes by: The World&#39;s Best Academic Note Publisher in IBDP Biology 🌍🏆📝

Theme D - Continuity & Change

Evolutionary Insights Guppy Traits & Natural Selection

Table of content

Key Characters 🎭

The Colorful Dilemma 🌈🐟

Unlock the Full Content!

Theme D - Continuity & Change

Evolutionary Insights Guppy Traits & Natural Selection

Table of content

Key Characters 🎭

The Colorful Dilemma 🌈🐟

Unlock the Full Content!