Chemistry SL
6
Chapters
243
Notes
Chapter 1 - Models Of The Particulate Nature Of Matter
Chapter 2 - Models Of Bonding & Structure
Chapter 3 - Classification Of Matter
Chapter 4 - What Drives Chemical Reactions?
Chapter 5 - How Much, How Fast & How Far?
Chapter 6 - What Are The Mechanisms Of Chemical Change?
Chemistry SL
Chapter 2 - Models Of Bonding & Structure
Unlocking Material Properties: Bond Types Explained
488 words
3 mins read
Last edited on 5th Nov 2024
Table of content
Solubility & volatility
- Solubility and volatility of substances depend on their bond type, structure, and intermolecular forces.
- Real-World Example: Salt (NaCl) is soluble in water due to its ionic bonds, which allow it to dissociate into ions that interact with water molecules. Alcohol (ethanol), on the other hand, evaporates quickly due to its weak intermolecular forces that allow molecules to escape into the air.
Electrical conductivity
- Conductivity depends on the presence of mobile charged particles.
- Real-World Example: Copper wire conducts electricity because its metal atoms have "free" electrons that can move through the metal, carrying an electric charge.
Brittleness vs. malleability
- Brittle substances, like ionic crystals, break easily when subjected to force because their atoms/ions can't slide past each other. They're not easily deformed.
- Malleable substances, like metals, can be shaped or bent without breaking.
- Real-World Example: Salt crystals (ionic) break easily when hit with a hammer, while a gold bar (metallic) can be flattened into sheets.
Elasticity vs. plasticity
- Elastic materials change shape under force but return to their original shape once the force is removed.
- Plastic materials retain their deformed shape even after the external force is removed.
- Real-World Example: A metal spring (elastic) returns to its original shape after being stretched or compressed. Modeling clay (plastic) retains its shape after being molded.
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Chemistry SL
Chapter 2 - Models Of Bonding & Structure
Unlocking Material Properties: Bond Types Explained
488 words
3 mins read
Last edited on 5th Nov 2024
Table of content
Solubility & volatility
- Solubility and volatility of substances depend on their bond type, structure, and intermolecular forces.
- Real-World Example: Salt (NaCl) is soluble in water due to its ionic bonds, which allow it to dissociate into ions that interact with water molecules. Alcohol (ethanol), on the other hand, evaporates quickly due to its weak intermolecular forces that allow molecules to escape into the air.
Electrical conductivity
- Conductivity depends on the presence of mobile charged particles.
- Real-World Example: Copper wire conducts electricity because its metal atoms have "free" electrons that can move through the metal, carrying an electric charge.
Brittleness vs. malleability
- Brittle substances, like ionic crystals, break easily when subjected to force because their atoms/ions can't slide past each other. They're not easily deformed.
- Malleable substances, like metals, can be shaped or bent without breaking.
- Real-World Example: Salt crystals (ionic) break easily when hit with a hammer, while a gold bar (metallic) can be flattened into sheets.
Elasticity vs. plasticity
- Elastic materials change shape under force but return to their original shape once the force is removed.
- Plastic materials retain their deformed shape even after the external force is removed.
- Real-World Example: A metal spring (elastic) returns to its original shape after being stretched or compressed. Modeling clay (plastic) retains its shape after being molded.
Unlock the Full Content!
Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of Chemistry SL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 🌟
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