• The periodic table has horizontal rows called periods.
• It also has vertical columns known as groups.

✨ Fun Fact: Think of the periodic table as a big chemistry library. Each period is like a bookshelf and each group is like a book series. Within each book (or element), there's a unique story (or properties)!

• The periodic table is split into four sections (or blocks): s, p, d, and f.
• Why? Well, elements are organized based on the pattern of their outermost valence electrons.
  • 🎈 The s-block has elements like in groups 1 & 2. They've got their party electrons in the s sublevel!

Real-World Analogy: Think of these blocks as four different sections in a music store - pop (p-block), rock (s-block), EDM (d-block), and classical (f-block). Where each section represents a different music genre!

• Metals: They have 3 or fewer valence electrons. These electrons love to move around and form metallic bonds.
  • E.g.: Aluminium foil is a metal. Its free-moving electrons make it a great conductor of heat!
• Non-Metals: Usually have 4 or more valence electrons that don't roam about freely.
  • E.g.: Oxygen is a non-metal and is vital for breathing.
• Metalloids: The cool hybrids! They can behave both like metals and non-metals. These elements form both ionic and covalent bonds.
  • E.g.: Silicon, found in sand, is a metalloid and is used to make computer chips.