Chemistry SL
6
Chapters
243
Notes
Chapter 1 - Models Of The Particulate Nature Of Matter
Chapter 2 - Models Of Bonding & Structure
Chapter 3 - Classification Of Matter
Chapter 4 - What Drives Chemical Reactions?
Chapter 5 - How Much, How Fast & How Far?
Chapter 6 - What Are The Mechanisms Of Chemical Change?
Chemistry SL
Chapter 3 - Classification Of Matter
High-Resolution 1 H NMR: Unveiling Atomic Secrets
419 words
3 mins read
Last edited on 5th Nov 2024
Table of content
Introduction🔍
- 1H NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) is a powerful analytical tool used by chemists to study the structure of organic compounds.
- It provides information about the chemical environment of hydrogen atoms in a molecule.
- As technology advances, we get better accuracy in our instruments. Now, let's dive into high-resolution 1H NMR.
High - resolution vs low - resolution🤓
- Low-resolution 1H NMR gives us signals corresponding to different chemical environments of hydrogen atoms.
- High-resolution 1H NMR goes a step further: it shows these signals split into clusters of peaks. This is due to spin-spin interactions between neighboring hydrogen nuclei.
Spin-spin coupling🔬
- Each proton has a nuclear spin that can be aligned with or against an external magnetic field.
- If hydrogen atoms in a molecule are close to each other, their magnetic fields interact, resulting in NMR signal splitting, called spin-spin coupling.
- The number of peaks in a cluster, or multiplicity, can be calculated using the N + 1 rule: If the proton Hx has N protons attached to its nearest neighbors, the NMR signal of Hx will be split into N + 1 peaks.
Example - 1,1,2-trichloroethane🧪
- This molecule has two different types of hydrogen environments, labeled Ha and Hb.
- The spectrum shows two signals:
- Ha signal, split into two peaks (a doublet).
- Hb signal, split into three peaks (a triplet).
- This is due to spin-spin interactions between the neighboring hydrogen nuclei.
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Chemistry SL
Chapter 3 - Classification Of Matter
High-Resolution 1 H NMR: Unveiling Atomic Secrets
419 words
3 mins read
Last edited on 5th Nov 2024
Table of content
Introduction🔍
- 1H NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) is a powerful analytical tool used by chemists to study the structure of organic compounds.
- It provides information about the chemical environment of hydrogen atoms in a molecule.
- As technology advances, we get better accuracy in our instruments. Now, let's dive into high-resolution 1H NMR.
High - resolution vs low - resolution🤓
- Low-resolution 1H NMR gives us signals corresponding to different chemical environments of hydrogen atoms.
- High-resolution 1H NMR goes a step further: it shows these signals split into clusters of peaks. This is due to spin-spin interactions between neighboring hydrogen nuclei.
Spin-spin coupling🔬
- Each proton has a nuclear spin that can be aligned with or against an external magnetic field.
- If hydrogen atoms in a molecule are close to each other, their magnetic fields interact, resulting in NMR signal splitting, called spin-spin coupling.
- The number of peaks in a cluster, or multiplicity, can be calculated using the N + 1 rule: If the proton Hx has N protons attached to its nearest neighbors, the NMR signal of Hx will be split into N + 1 peaks.
Example - 1,1,2-trichloroethane🧪
- This molecule has two different types of hydrogen environments, labeled Ha and Hb.
- The spectrum shows two signals:
- Ha signal, split into two peaks (a doublet).
- Hb signal, split into three peaks (a triplet).
- This is due to spin-spin interactions between the neighboring hydrogen nuclei.
Unlock the Full Content!
Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of Chemistry SL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 🌟
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