History HL
32
Chapters
489
Notes
Chapter 1 - China 1839-60 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 2 - The Opening Of China To Foreigners 1860-1901 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 3 - Defeat & Revolution 1901-25 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 4 - Nationalists & Communists 1924-45 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 5 - The Japanese Threat & Communist Takeover 1931-49 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 6 - China & The Wider World 1949-76 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 7 - Government, Economy & Society Under Mao After 1949 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 8 - The Cultural Revolution 1966 -76 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 9 - Deng Xiaoping
Chapter 10 - China & The Wider World 1978-97 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 11 - Concluding Survey (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 12 - Jews, Arabs & The British 1900-39 (Middle East)
Chapter 13 - The Birth Of Isreal 1939-49 (Middle East)
Chapter 14 - Arab-Israeli Wars In 1956, 1967, & 1973 (Middle East)
Chapter 15 - Nasser, Egypt & Arab Nationalism (Middle East)
Chapter 16 - The Palestinian Problem (Middle East)
Chapter 17 - The Challenges Of Peace-Making 1991-2008: Israelis & Palestinians (Middle East)
Chapter 18 - The Iran-Iraq War 1980-8 (Middle East)
Chapter 19 - Iraq & The West 1988-2008 (Middle East)
Chapter 20 - From Arab Nationalism To IsIamic Fundamentalism (Middle East)
Chapter 21 - Truman (Cold War 1945- 81)
Chapter 22 - The Korean War (Cold War 1945-81)
Chapter 23 - Eisenhower & Dulles (Cold war 1945 -81)
Chapter 25 - Kennedy To Carter (Cold War 1945-81)
Chapter 26 - Weimar Germany - 1918-1933 (European States)
Chapter 27 - Hitler’s Germany - 1933-1939 (European States)
Chapter 28 - Italy - 1918-1922 (European States)
Chapter 29 - Mussolini’s Italy - 1922-1939 (European States)
Chapter 30 - Spain - 1918-1936 (European States)
Chapter 31 - The Spanish Civil War - 1936-1939 (European States)
Chapter 32 - The Soviet Union - 1918-1929 (European States)
Chapter 33 - The Soviet Union - 1929-1939 (European States)
History HL
Chapter 25 - Kennedy To Carter (Cold War 1945-81)
Kennedy's Peace Corps A Bridge Between Cultures & Defense Strategy
397 words
2 mins read
Last edited on 16th Oct 2024
Table of content
The Peace Corps 🕊️
- 📆 Date: 2 March 1961 (Announcement) & September 1961 (Formal Establishment)
- 🎯 Purpose
- Help outsiders understand American culture 🍔🗽
- Help Americans grasp other cultures 🍣🕌
- 📜 Mission: Promote world peace and friendship + help countries get skilled manpower.
- 🧑🔬 Main Activities
- Economic & social projects.
- Partnered with both government & NGO sectors.
- 🤔 Why was it established?: Counter Third World nationalism & avoid them siding with USSR 🇷🇺. Peace Corps = Peaceful change!
🌎 Real-World Example: Imagine Peace Corps volunteers teaching farming techniques in Africa to boost local economies, while also sharing American pop music to foster cultural exchange. 🎶🌱
Military Aid to Latin America 🪖
- 📈 Amount: Approx. $77 million/year.
- 🔍 Purpose
- Strengthen Latin American armed forces.
- Equip them to combat guerrilla groups.
- 🛠 Training: Riot control, psychological warfare, counter-guerrilla operations.
- In 1962, 9,000 Latin American military personnel got trained - On the US dime!
- 🤷♂️ Rationale: Well-trained armed forces = support for moderate leaders + ensure stability for economic & social development.
🌎 Real-World Example: It's like sponsoring someone's gym membership, hoping they'll get fit and help in a community marathon (here, the marathon being regional stability).
Controversies & Contradictions 🚫
- Promotion of undemocratic leaders
- The US tolerated Duvalier’s ‘deplorable’ regime in Haiti. Why? They needed Haiti's vote against Cuba 🇨🇺. Politics > Principles?
- Ignored popular left-wing parties. Tried to block Salvador Allende in Chile 🇨🇱, 1964.
- Internal Opposition
- September 1961: Chester Bowles warns Kennedy about military funding.
- Concern: Funding could enable military coups.
- Promises Broken: Kennedy promised reduced military expenditure but did the opposite 📈.
- Shift in focus: More on internal threats than defending from outsiders.
🌎 Real-World Example: It's like promising not to buy more candy, but then spending more on chocolates because "they're technically different!" 🍫
Unlock the Full Content! 
Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of History HL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 🌟
History HL
Chapter 25 - Kennedy To Carter (Cold War 1945-81)
Kennedy's Peace Corps A Bridge Between Cultures & Defense Strategy
397 words
2 mins read
Last edited on 16th Oct 2024
Table of content
The Peace Corps 🕊️
- 📆 Date: 2 March 1961 (Announcement) & September 1961 (Formal Establishment)
- 🎯 Purpose
- Help outsiders understand American culture 🍔🗽
- Help Americans grasp other cultures 🍣🕌
- 📜 Mission: Promote world peace and friendship + help countries get skilled manpower.
- 🧑🔬 Main Activities
- Economic & social projects.
- Partnered with both government & NGO sectors.
- 🤔 Why was it established?: Counter Third World nationalism & avoid them siding with USSR 🇷🇺. Peace Corps = Peaceful change!
🌎 Real-World Example: Imagine Peace Corps volunteers teaching farming techniques in Africa to boost local economies, while also sharing American pop music to foster cultural exchange. 🎶🌱
Military Aid to Latin America 🪖
- 📈 Amount: Approx. $77 million/year.
- 🔍 Purpose
- Strengthen Latin American armed forces.
- Equip them to combat guerrilla groups.
- 🛠 Training: Riot control, psychological warfare, counter-guerrilla operations.
- In 1962, 9,000 Latin American military personnel got trained - On the US dime!
- 🤷♂️ Rationale: Well-trained armed forces = support for moderate leaders + ensure stability for economic & social development.
🌎 Real-World Example: It's like sponsoring someone's gym membership, hoping they'll get fit and help in a community marathon (here, the marathon being regional stability).
Controversies & Contradictions 🚫
- Promotion of undemocratic leaders
- The US tolerated Duvalier’s ‘deplorable’ regime in Haiti. Why? They needed Haiti's vote against Cuba 🇨🇺. Politics > Principles?
- Ignored popular left-wing parties. Tried to block Salvador Allende in Chile 🇨🇱, 1964.
- Internal Opposition
- September 1961: Chester Bowles warns Kennedy about military funding.
- Concern: Funding could enable military coups.
- Promises Broken: Kennedy promised reduced military expenditure but did the opposite 📈.
- Shift in focus: More on internal threats than defending from outsiders.
🌎 Real-World Example: It's like promising not to buy more candy, but then spending more on chocolates because "they're technically different!" 🍫
Unlock the Full Content!
Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of History HL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 🌟