History HL
32
Chapters
489
Notes
Chapter 1 - China 1839-60 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 2 - The Opening Of China To Foreigners 1860-1901 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 3 - Defeat & Revolution 1901-25 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 4 - Nationalists & Communists 1924-45 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 5 - The Japanese Threat & Communist Takeover 1931-49 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 6 - China & The Wider World 1949-76 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 7 - Government, Economy & Society Under Mao After 1949 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 8 - The Cultural Revolution 1966 -76 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 9 - Deng Xiaoping
Chapter 10 - China & The Wider World 1978-97 (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 11 - Concluding Survey (China 1839-1997)
Chapter 12 - Jews, Arabs & The British 1900-39 (Middle East)
Chapter 13 - The Birth Of Isreal 1939-49 (Middle East)
Chapter 14 - Arab-Israeli Wars In 1956, 1967, & 1973 (Middle East)
Chapter 15 - Nasser, Egypt & Arab Nationalism (Middle East)
Chapter 16 - The Palestinian Problem (Middle East)
Chapter 17 - The Challenges Of Peace-Making 1991-2008: Israelis & Palestinians (Middle East)
Chapter 18 - The Iran-Iraq War 1980-8 (Middle East)
Chapter 19 - Iraq & The West 1988-2008 (Middle East)
Chapter 20 - From Arab Nationalism To IsIamic Fundamentalism (Middle East)
Chapter 21 - Truman (Cold War 1945- 81)
Chapter 22 - The Korean War (Cold War 1945-81)
Chapter 23 - Eisenhower & Dulles (Cold war 1945 -81)
Chapter 25 - Kennedy To Carter (Cold War 1945-81)
Chapter 26 - Weimar Germany - 1918-1933 (European States)
Chapter 27 - Hitler’s Germany - 1933-1939 (European States)
Chapter 28 - Italy - 1918-1922 (European States)
Chapter 29 - Mussolini’s Italy - 1922-1939 (European States)
Chapter 30 - Spain - 1918-1936 (European States)
Chapter 31 - The Spanish Civil War - 1936-1939 (European States)
Chapter 32 - The Soviet Union - 1918-1929 (European States)
Chapter 33 - The Soviet Union - 1929-1939 (European States)
History HL
Chapter 28 - Italy - 1918-1922 (European States)
Giolitti's Era: A Transformative Phase for Liberal Italy?
584 words
3 mins read
Last edited on 16th Oct 2024
Table of content
IT Giolitti's Era in a Nutshell 🌰
- Giovanni Giolitti: Progressive leader, opposing oppressive measures of the previous government.
- Transformismo: Begun in the 1870s, this strategy aimed to unify political moderates under a single Liberal government.
- Real-world example: Think of a team captain trying to get the best players from different teams to work together!
Giolitti’s Initiatives 🎈
- Voting Rights (1912): Extended the vote to most adult males.
- Worker Benefits: Introduced reforms to improve working conditions and benefits.
- Real-world example: It’s like a school introducing new policies to reduce homework and extend lunch breaks.
- Colonial War in Libya (1911): An attempt to seize Ottoman-controlled Libya. Successful, but politically divisive.
Giolitti’s Downfalls 🌩
- Economic slowdown (1909): After a period of boom, economic growth began to lag.
- Loss of Socialist Alliance: The war in Libya angered the socialists.
- Failed appeasement of Nationalists: Despite colonial conquests, Nationalists still unhappy.
Elections & Political Turmoil 🗳
- 1913 elections: Giolitti barely held on, needing Catholic votes to save the government.
- Political extremes: As WWI began, politics polarized between right-wing and left-wing groups.
- Red Week (June 1914): Leftist uprisings in northern and central Italy.
- End of Giolitti's reign: Facing opposition, Giolitti resigned.
Sources Analysis ✍
Unlock the Full Content! 
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History HL
Chapter 28 - Italy - 1918-1922 (European States)
Giolitti's Era: A Transformative Phase for Liberal Italy?
584 words
3 mins read
Last edited on 16th Oct 2024
Table of content
IT Giolitti's Era in a Nutshell 🌰
- Giovanni Giolitti: Progressive leader, opposing oppressive measures of the previous government.
- Transformismo: Begun in the 1870s, this strategy aimed to unify political moderates under a single Liberal government.
- Real-world example: Think of a team captain trying to get the best players from different teams to work together!
Giolitti’s Initiatives 🎈
- Voting Rights (1912): Extended the vote to most adult males.
- Worker Benefits: Introduced reforms to improve working conditions and benefits.
- Real-world example: It’s like a school introducing new policies to reduce homework and extend lunch breaks.
- Colonial War in Libya (1911): An attempt to seize Ottoman-controlled Libya. Successful, but politically divisive.
Giolitti’s Downfalls 🌩
- Economic slowdown (1909): After a period of boom, economic growth began to lag.
- Loss of Socialist Alliance: The war in Libya angered the socialists.
- Failed appeasement of Nationalists: Despite colonial conquests, Nationalists still unhappy.
Elections & Political Turmoil 🗳
- 1913 elections: Giolitti barely held on, needing Catholic votes to save the government.
- Political extremes: As WWI began, politics polarized between right-wing and left-wing groups.
- Red Week (June 1914): Leftist uprisings in northern and central Italy.
- End of Giolitti's reign: Facing opposition, Giolitti resigned.
Sources Analysis ✍
Unlock the Full Content!
Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of History HL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 🌟