• Abyssinia (now known as Ethiopia)
  • Surrendered to Italy in 1936.
  • Emperor Haile Selassie fled to Britain and campaigned for his nation's liberation.
  • Italy terrorized the most populated parts, causing suffering to civilians.
  • Resistance groups emerged, fighting the Italian forces with guerrilla tactics.
  • Abyssinia faced racial segregation under Italian rule.
  • Abyssinia was liberated from Italian rule in 1941.
• Italy
  • King Victor Emanuel III became the emperor of Abyssinia in 1936.
  • Cost of war impacted Italy’s economy.
  • Abyssinia didn’t provide the raw materials Italy hoped for.
  • Resettlement projects failed, leading to many Italians returning home.

• Origin: Emperor Haile Selassie of Abyssinia.
• Purpose: To testify about the crimes against Abyssinians and warn Europe.
• Content: Description of brutal tactics, use of poison, and widespread suffering.
• Value for Historians: First-hand account of the atrocities, gives insight into the impact on civilians and a leader's perspective.
• Limitations: As a speech, it may contain bias and aim to evoke sympathy or international intervention.

🌐 Real-world Example to Understand Concepts: Imagine if a popular kid at school (Italy) took away a toy from a younger kid (Abyssinia). Later, the younger kid tries to tell the teachers (League of Nations) about how the popular kid was mean and made other little kids afraid by showing off the toy.