Choo-choo! Hop on the Physics Train as we delve into the universe of Galilean relativity and Newton’s fantastic postulates! 🚀

Infinite seats available!

• Translation: Moving between frames, just like hopping seats.

  • Think of it like you have two photo frames (x, y) and (x′, y′). They are slightly offset in the x-direction by a constant distance X. Moving between these two frames is like shuffling your photo from one frame to the other.

• Rotation: Spin around but... (Caution! This is not in the IBDP physics dance! 💃)

• Boost: Zooming from one frame to another with a constant speed. Like racing cars!

  • Ever sat in a car while another speeds past you? Your car is frame (x, y) and the speeding car is frame (x′, y′). Vroom vroom!

• Translation Rule: Space is HUGE. No spot is special. Everything's relative.
• Example: Think of being in a giant video game world where you can teleport anywhere instantly. No spot is your "home base", you can start from anywhere!
• Boost Rule: No velocity is special. Even sitting still isn't "absolute."
• Example: On a train? To you, the trees outside are moving backward super fast. To the trees? You're the one zooming away!
• Rotation Rule: Every direction is just as cool as the next. All relative!

• Translation: To move a point in (x, y) to (x′, y′) - x′=x−X
• Boost: If one frame zips past another, the distance between them changes: X′= X + vT or X′ = X − vT
• And for velocities in the two frames: u′=u−v (If they're not moving in a straight line, they're vectors. Just subtract them as such!)

Imagine you're at an airport. There are moving walkways. Stand between two, and you see

• Someone on the left walkway is moving at 0.7 m/s.
• Someone on the right walkway, also at 0.7 m/s.
• To each other? They're coming at 1.4 m/s! To a stationary person? They're both moving at 0.7 m/s towards each other.

This shows how everything is relative!