Imagine a highway with various exit lanes, where cars (current) decide which lane (resistor) to take based on how attractive it is! Now, let's dive into the world of resistors.

• What are they? They're like adjustable lanes on our highway!
• Example: Imagine adjusting the width of a lane. A wider lane means more cars can pass (higher current), while a narrower lane reduces the number of cars (lower current).
• Scenario:
  • Min value of the variable resistor: 0Ω
    • Result: 2V drop across fixed resistor, 0.2A current.
  • Max value of the variable resistor: 10Ω
    • Total resistance = 20Ω, which gives us a 0.1A current.
    • Only a 1V drop across the fixed resistor.
  • Limitation: Our lane adjustment isn't giving us the full range of potential exits! We need a better design. 🤔

• Uses a potentiometer, a special kind of variable resistor.
• Structure: Like a slider controlling where a point is tapped along a winding resistor.
• Example: Imagine a giant slider on our highway, determining how much of a lane cars can use. As we move the slider, cars have more or less space to travel, affecting their speed and number.
• Benefit: We can use this to get a much wider range of voltages. Our lane adjustment is now more efficient!