Hey there future physicist! Let's dive into a super cool concept called Conservation of Energy. It's kind of like the universe's strict teacher saying, "What you borrow, you must return!" Here's how it works:

• states that energy can't be created or destroyed. It's like a magic trick where the magician swaps a rabbit for a dove - something's changed, but nothing's vanished.

• Energy only transfers from one form to another, so keep a keen eye on every single form of energy involved in these transfers. For example, when you ride your bike, your legs use chemical energy (from the food you've eaten) to create kinetic energy (movement)!

• Now, here's an interesting part. Mass, the amount of 'stuff' in something, also plays a role in energy. Most of the time, it doesn't change significantly, but in a nuclear reaction, mass changes make a major contribution. Like in nuclear power plants, a tiny bit of mass can produce a huge amount of energy (thanks, E=mc²!).

Now, let's introduce you to an incredible woman, Emmy Noether. She was one tough cookie and a brilliant mathematician in the early 20th century, despite it being a tough time for women in education.

• She gifted the world with Noether's theorem. This theorem links the conservation of energy to the unchanging laws of physics over time. She also linked the conservation of momentum to the unchanging laws of physics in different spaces.

• Imagine that every time you kicked a soccer ball, the amount of power you used would differ wildly, or that gravity worked differently on each side of the field. Crazy, right? Thanks to Noether, we understand that physics doesn't roll that way. The same rules apply all the time and everywhere.