• Linear Mechanics
• Force = F = ma (Newton’s 2nd law)
• Rotational Mechanics
• Moment of Inertia (I) is to rotation what mass (m) is to linear motion.
• Angular Acceleration (α) is like linear acceleration (a).
• So, Torque = × τ = I × α
• Torque is like a twist or turn. Think of opening a door. The further from the hinge you push, the easier it is!
• Unit: Newton-metre (Nm).

🌟 Real-World Example: Imagine opening a jam jar. The force you use to twist the lid open? That's torque!

• Torque τ=Frsinθ where
  • F = Force applied
  • r = Distance from the center of rotation (like the length of a wrench)
  • θ = Angle between the force and the line to the rotation center
• Maximum torque τ is achieved when θ=90°. This means the force is applied perpendicularly!

🌟 Real-World Example: When using a wrench, you get maximum torque when you push it at 90 degrees to its handle.

Torque is also called "moment". BUT, don't confuse it with "momentum" - that's a whole different ball game!

• Linear Motion: A body continues in its state (at rest or in motion) unless a force acts on it.
• Rotational Motion: A body continues at a constant angular velocity unless a torque acts on it. In simpler terms, something will keep spinning at the same speed unless a twist (torque) interferes.

🌟 Real-World Example: Think of a spinning top. It will keep spinning unless you give it a little nudge (torque).