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Water Wave

Theme C - Wave Behaviour 

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Rocket

Theme A - Space, Time & Motion

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Thermometer

Theme B - The Particulate Nature Of Matter

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Magnifying Glass Tilted Right

Theme D - Fields

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Microscope

Theme E - Nuclear & Quantum Physics

🎵 Quick Definition: The Doppler effect describes how the frequency (or wavelength) of a wave changes for an observer moving relative to the source of the wave. In medicine, it&#39;s used to observe moving stuff inside of you, like blood.

<ul>
	<li>
	Ultrasound is just sound waves with a frequency &gt; 20 kHz. You can&#39;t hear it, but it&#39;s super handy in medicine.
	</li>
	<li>
	Real-world example: Imagine a dog whistle. Most humans can&#39;t hear it, but dogs can. Ultrasound is like a medical dog whistle!
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	One of its top uses? Checking out how fast your blood is flowing inside your vessels without poking you.
	</li>
	<li>
	This can help doctors spot heart or tissue problems. Cool, right?
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>Transducer: This fancy device both sends and receives high-frequency sound. Think of it as an ultrasound flashlight!</li>
	<li>
	Sends a sound beam into your blood vessel.
	</li>
	<li>
	Sound reflects off your zooming blood cells. Because of their motion and the double interaction, we get a &quot;double Doppler effect&quot;.
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>Double Doppler Effect, Step-by-Step

	<ul>
		<li>First Bounce: Transducer (stationary) sends sound &rarr; Blood cell (moving) reflects it.</li>
		<li>Second Bounce: Blood cell (now acting as a moving source) sends reflected sound &rarr; Transducer (still chillin&#39; and stationary) receives it.</li>
		<li>
		Fun fact: Sound travels in liquids at around 1.5 km/s. Blood cells? Much slower, about 1 m/s.
		</li>
		<li>
		Given this, we have a neat equation to calculate the change in frequency due to this effect: &Delta;f/f &asymp; 2u/v
		</li>
		<li>
		But wait... angles! If the beam and blood flow are at an angle &theta;, we need to tweak our equation: &Delta;f/f &asymp; 2u cos &theta;/v
		</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>Non-Invasive: No need to get inside your vessels! You remain un-poked and happy.</li>
	<li>Safe for Instruments &amp; Patients: No rusting of the tool, and no risk of infections for you.</li>
</ul>

Real-world example to wrap up: Imagine you&#39;re playing catch, and your friend is running. When you throw the ball (like the sound wave), it hits them (like the blood cell) and bounces back to you. How it comes back can tell you about their speed and direction. This is kind of how the Doppler ultrasound works, but with sound waves and inside your body!

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💡 Pro Tip: Always remember the importance of angles when using this method. They can change your results!

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Happy Studying! 📚🔍🎶

Theme C - Wave Behaviour

Unveiling Medical Ultrasound: Doppler Effect in Diagnostics

Table of content

Ultrasound basics 🎧

Ultrasound in medicine 💉

Unlock the Full Content!

Theme C - Wave Behaviour

Unveiling Medical Ultrasound: Doppler Effect in Diagnostics

Table of content

Ultrasound basics 🎧

Ultrasound in medicine 💉

Unlock the Full Content!