• Artificiality in research and the subsequent lack of ecological validity.
• Naturalistic settings tend to lack internal validity due to lack of control on confounding variables.
• Eyewitness testimony and its impact on real-world situations like court trials.
• Flashbulb memory as a specific type of memory related to high emotional events.

Alright, let's break this down! It's like trying to bake the perfect cake, but it keeps coming out too sweet or not sweet enough.

Sometimes, psychologists conduct studies in controlled environments (like a kitchen with exact measurements for ingredients). These studies may not reflect how things work in the real world, much like your cake recipe might not consider you're baking at a higher altitude. That's the lack of ecological validity: your perfectly baked cake in the lab might come out all wrong at home!

When researchers try to study behavior in its natural setting, it's like trying to bake that cake in your grandma's old oven. It has its quirks, and you can't control everything like you can in the lab. This means the study might lose some internal validity because you can't control all those extra variables like grandma's cat knocking over the flour!

Imagine you and your friends witnessed someone stealing cookies from the cookie jar. Later, when asked about it, you all remember different things, like the thief's clothes or how many cookies they took. That's eyewitness testimony. It's often used in courts but can be problematic because our memories can sometimes play tricks on us.