• Main Issue: Ignores complex gene-environment interaction.
• What's This Mean? It's like saying, "If you have this gene, you'll be sad," but genes don't act alone; they dance with the environment.🕺💃
• In Real Life: You might have a "susceptibility" to liking chocolate (thanks, genes!), but unless you taste it, that love for chocolate never gets triggered.

What is it? When two different genetic setups react differently to the same environment. Think of it like twins: One loves the rain; the other hates it. Same environment, different reactions. 

• Study: Silberg et al (1999) – Investigated why depression is more common in girls from mid-adolescence onwards.
• Real-World Example: It's like how boys and girls have different fashion trends, even in the same school environment!

Findings: Girls' genes make them more vulnerable to stress, like failing a grade or losing a friend. It's not that girls are "weaker" but that their genes react more to stress.

What is it? Finding specific genes that influence complex psychological disorders.

Example: Caspi et al (2003)

• Super Cool Discovery: Found a specific gene (5-HTT) that deals with serotonin (a happiness hormone!) and moderates how stress affects depression.
• Think of It Like: Some people's phones have a longer battery life; this gene acts like a mental "battery life" for handling stress.

Results: Those with a short version of the gene were more affected by stress (33% developed depression) compared to those with the long version (17%).