Sports, Exercise & Health Science HL
Sports, Exercise & Health Science HL
18
Chapters
197
Notes
Chapter 1 - Musculoskeletal Anatomy
Chapter 1 - Musculoskeletal Anatomy
Chapter 2 - Cardio-Respiratory Exercise Physiology
Chapter 2 - Cardio-Respiratory Exercise Physiology
Chapter 3 - Nutrition & Energy Systems
Chapter 3 - Nutrition & Energy Systems
Chapter 4 - Movement Analysis
Chapter 4 - Movement Analysis
Chapter 5 - Skill In Sport
Chapter 5 - Skill In Sport
Chapter 6 - Measurement & evaluation of human performance
Chapter 6 - Measurement & evaluation of human performance
Chapter 7 - Training to optimize physiological performance
Chapter 7 - Training to optimize physiological performance
Chapter 9 - Non-Nutritional Ergogenic Aids
Chapter 9 - Non-Nutritional Ergogenic Aids
Chapter 10 - Individual Differences In Sport
Chapter 10 - Individual Differences In Sport
Chapter 11 - Motivation In Sport & Exercise
Chapter 11 - Motivation In Sport & Exercise
Chapter 12 - Arousal, Anxiety & Performance
Chapter 12 - Arousal, Anxiety & Performance
Chapter 13 - Psychological Skills Training
Chapter 13 - Psychological Skills Training
Chapter 14 - Overtraining, Stress & Burnout In Adolescent Athletes
Chapter 14 - Overtraining, Stress & Burnout In Adolescent Athletes
Chapter 15 - Physical Activity & Health
Chapter 15 - Physical Activity & Health
Chapter 16 - Nutrition For Sport & Exercise
Chapter 16 - Nutrition For Sport & Exercise
Chapter 17 - Internal Assessment & Practical Work
Chapter 17 - Internal Assessment & Practical Work
Chapter 18 - Perparing For Your Exams
Chapter 18 - Perparing For Your Exams
IB Resources
Chapter 8 - Environmental Factors & Performance
Sports, Exercise & Health Science HL
Sports, Exercise & Health Science HL

Chapter 8 - Environmental Factors & Performance

Unlock The Secrets To Exercising Safely In Cold Weather

Word Count Emoji
682 words
Reading Time Emoji
4 mins read
Updated at Emoji
Last edited on 5th Nov 2024

Table of content

Cold exposure responses

  • Cold โ†’ Skin and core temperature drop
  • The brain's control center, the hypothalamus, springs into action.

What Happens Next? ๐Ÿค”

  • Vasoconstriction! Blood vessels in the skin and skeletal muscles narrow down.
    • Decreases blood flow.
    • Less heat transfer from the bodyโ€™s core to the outer shell (skin, fat, and muscle).

Real-world example: Imagine water flowing through a narrow straw vs. a wide hose. The straw allows less water to flow, just like vasoconstriction reduces blood flow.

  • Shivering: It's like your body's mini-workout to produce heat.
    • Starts either immediately or after a few minutes in the cold.
    • Minimal movement, but very effective!
    • Starts in the torso, then to limbs.
    • More shivering = more muscles used = more heat.
    • Intense shivering can be a real workout for your body, using over 1 liter of oxygen every minute!

Exercising in the cold โ„๏ธ๐Ÿƒ

  • If exercising doesnโ€™t produce enough heat, shivering steps in to help.
    • This means more oxygen is taken up due to shivering muscles.
  • Heart reacts differently in the cold
    • Lower heart rates but higher stroke volume (amount of blood pumped out with each beat).
    • This helps maintain overall cardiac output (blood flow).
    • Why? Vasoconstriction leads to more blood in the center of the body.

Fashion Tip: Dress in layers when exercising in the cold. As you exercise and heat up, shed a layer to avoid overheating.

Fuel use in the cold ๐Ÿž๐Ÿฅฉ

  • Cold + exercise = faster carbohydrate (like bread or pasta) depletion.
  • Shivering's main energy source? Fats! But it also uses blood glucose, muscle glycogen, and even protein.
  • Factors determining the fuel mix
    • Current glycogen levels
    • Intensity of shivering
    • Severity of cold
  • Think of increasing carbohydrate intake if youโ€™re exposed to the cold for longer durations.

Unlock the Full Content! File Is Locked Emoji

Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of Sports, Exercise & Health Science HL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 ๐ŸŒŸ

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IB Resources
Chapter 8 - Environmental Factors & Performance
Sports, Exercise & Health Science HL
Sports, Exercise & Health Science HL

Chapter 8 - Environmental Factors & Performance

Unlock The Secrets To Exercising Safely In Cold Weather

Word Count Emoji
682 words
Reading Time Emoji
4 mins read
Updated at Emoji
Last edited on 5th Nov 2024

Table of content

Cold exposure responses

  • Cold โ†’ Skin and core temperature drop
  • The brain's control center, the hypothalamus, springs into action.

What Happens Next? ๐Ÿค”

  • Vasoconstriction! Blood vessels in the skin and skeletal muscles narrow down.
    • Decreases blood flow.
    • Less heat transfer from the bodyโ€™s core to the outer shell (skin, fat, and muscle).

Real-world example: Imagine water flowing through a narrow straw vs. a wide hose. The straw allows less water to flow, just like vasoconstriction reduces blood flow.

  • Shivering: It's like your body's mini-workout to produce heat.
    • Starts either immediately or after a few minutes in the cold.
    • Minimal movement, but very effective!
    • Starts in the torso, then to limbs.
    • More shivering = more muscles used = more heat.
    • Intense shivering can be a real workout for your body, using over 1 liter of oxygen every minute!

Exercising in the cold โ„๏ธ๐Ÿƒ

  • If exercising doesnโ€™t produce enough heat, shivering steps in to help.
    • This means more oxygen is taken up due to shivering muscles.
  • Heart reacts differently in the cold
    • Lower heart rates but higher stroke volume (amount of blood pumped out with each beat).
    • This helps maintain overall cardiac output (blood flow).
    • Why? Vasoconstriction leads to more blood in the center of the body.

Fashion Tip: Dress in layers when exercising in the cold. As you exercise and heat up, shed a layer to avoid overheating.

Fuel use in the cold ๐Ÿž๐Ÿฅฉ

  • Cold + exercise = faster carbohydrate (like bread or pasta) depletion.
  • Shivering's main energy source? Fats! But it also uses blood glucose, muscle glycogen, and even protein.
  • Factors determining the fuel mix
    • Current glycogen levels
    • Intensity of shivering
    • Severity of cold
  • Think of increasing carbohydrate intake if youโ€™re exposed to the cold for longer durations.

Unlock the Full Content! File Is Locked Emoji

Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of Sports, Exercise & Health Science HL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 ๐ŸŒŸ

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