Chapter 3 - Classification Of Matter
Unlocking The Secrets Of Homologous Series: Structure & Reactivity
Table of content
π What's a homologous series? π§
A homologous series is like a family reunion of compounds, but they all share similarities in how they're structured and how they react.
Fun Fact! π
Imagine a family where every new member born is taller by 2 inches than the previous one. That's similar to a homologous series, where each member differs by a CH2 group!
π Meet the families π
Alkanes π―οΈ
- Secret Code (General Formula): CnH2n+2
- What are they? Plain and simple hydrocarbons with just carbon and hydrogen.
- Real-world Example: Propane in your BBQ grill!
Alkenes π
- Secret Code: CnH2n
- These are unsaturated hydrocarbons with a carbon-carbon double bond.
- Real-world Example: Ethene, used to make plastics!
Alkynes βοΈ
- Secret Code: CnH2n–2
- What's cool? They have carbon-carbon triple bonds.
- Real-world Example: Acetylene torches for welding.
Halogenoalkanes π‘
- Secret Code: CnH2n+1X (X marks the spot with a halogen!)
- Real-world Example: Used in refrigerators and air conditioners.
Alcohols πΈ
- Secret Code: CnH2n+1OH
- Look for the –OH group! Cheers!
- Real-world Example: Ethanol, found in your adult beverage!
Aldehydes π
- Secret Code: CnH2nO
- Found at the terminal position of a carbon chain.
- Real-world Example: Formaldehyde used to preserve specimens!
Ketones π
- Secret Code: CnH2nO
- Look for the carbonyl group, but not at the ends.
- Real-world Example: Acetone in your nail polish remover.
Carboxylic Acids π
- Secret Code: CnH2nO2
- Real-world Example: Acetic acid in your vinegar!
Ethers π§ͺ
- Secret Code: ROR’
- Real-world Example: Diethyl ether, once used as an anesthetic.
Amines πΏ
- Secret Code: CnH2n+3N
- Types? Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary.
- Real-world Example: Nicotine is a tertiary amine!
Esters π
- Secret Code: RCO2R’
- They smell great! Used in flavorings and fragrances.
- Real-world Example: Methyl salicylate smells like wintergreen.
Amides π
- Secret Code: CnH2n+1NO
- Real-world Example: Urea in your lotion or fertilizer.
π€ Remember!
Every family (series) has a pattern. Spot it, and you'll understand it!
Happy studying, and don't forget to enjoy the chemical journey! ππ¬
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Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of Chemistry SL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 π
Chapter 3 - Classification Of Matter
Unlocking The Secrets Of Homologous Series: Structure & Reactivity
Table of content
π What's a homologous series? π§
A homologous series is like a family reunion of compounds, but they all share similarities in how they're structured and how they react.
Fun Fact! π
Imagine a family where every new member born is taller by 2 inches than the previous one. That's similar to a homologous series, where each member differs by a CH2 group!
π Meet the families π
Alkanes π―οΈ
- Secret Code (General Formula): CnH2n+2
- What are they? Plain and simple hydrocarbons with just carbon and hydrogen.
- Real-world Example: Propane in your BBQ grill!
Alkenes π
- Secret Code: CnH2n
- These are unsaturated hydrocarbons with a carbon-carbon double bond.
- Real-world Example: Ethene, used to make plastics!
Alkynes βοΈ
- Secret Code: CnH2n–2
- What's cool? They have carbon-carbon triple bonds.
- Real-world Example: Acetylene torches for welding.
Halogenoalkanes π‘
- Secret Code: CnH2n+1X (X marks the spot with a halogen!)
- Real-world Example: Used in refrigerators and air conditioners.
Alcohols πΈ
- Secret Code: CnH2n+1OH
- Look for the –OH group! Cheers!
- Real-world Example: Ethanol, found in your adult beverage!
Aldehydes π
- Secret Code: CnH2nO
- Found at the terminal position of a carbon chain.
- Real-world Example: Formaldehyde used to preserve specimens!
Ketones π
- Secret Code: CnH2nO
- Look for the carbonyl group, but not at the ends.
- Real-world Example: Acetone in your nail polish remover.
Carboxylic Acids π
- Secret Code: CnH2nO2
- Real-world Example: Acetic acid in your vinegar!
Ethers π§ͺ
- Secret Code: ROR’
- Real-world Example: Diethyl ether, once used as an anesthetic.
Amines πΏ
- Secret Code: CnH2n+3N
- Types? Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary.
- Real-world Example: Nicotine is a tertiary amine!
Esters π
- Secret Code: RCO2R’
- They smell great! Used in flavorings and fragrances.
- Real-world Example: Methyl salicylate smells like wintergreen.
Amides π
- Secret Code: CnH2n+1NO
- Real-world Example: Urea in your lotion or fertilizer.
π€ Remember!
Every family (series) has a pattern. Spot it, and you'll understand it!
Happy studying, and don't forget to enjoy the chemical journey! ππ¬
Unlock the Full Content!
Dive deeper and gain exclusive access to premium files of Chemistry SL. Subscribe now and get closer to that 45 π
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