Key Concept: Methodologies of different disciplines and their separation.

Simple Explanation: Imagine that knowledge is a giant cake. Each slice represents a discipline like history, physics, or art. But who decided how to cut the cake? This division is contestable, just like arguing over who gets the biggest piece at a birthday party.

Real-life Example: You can't study the impact of climate change (science) without understanding the policies that govern environmental protection (politics).

Key Concept: Use of technology in historical research.

Simple Explanation: Technology is like a time-travelling gadget! It allows us to revisit the past and re-question old mysteries.

Real-life Example: Anne Kelly Knowles used satellite imagery and military software to simulate the Battle of Gettysburg to examine decisions made by Generals Lee and Longstreet.

Key Concept: Interdisciplinary approach to knowledge.

Simple Explanation: Just like assembling a puzzle, sometimes you need pieces from different boxes to see the complete picture. This happens when we combine disciplines, like historical geography.

Real-life Example: Virtual exhibitions that weave together elements of history, psychology, and cognitive science to create immersive learning experiences.

Key Concept: Use of quantitative methods in history.

Simple Explanation: Some historians use numbers and big data to try and paint a more precise picture of the past. However, this idea often gets a thumbs down because many believe history isn't just about cold, hard facts.

Real-life Example: Cliodynamics is a method that uses numbers to understand the past and predict the future, bridging history, sociology, and political science.